ADDISON, JOHN (_son of John Addison of Preston, recorder of Clitheroe who d. 1837 in his 83 year, by Agnes dau. of Thomas Batty of Avenham house, Preston_). _b._ Fishergate, Preston 21 April 1791; ed. at Blanchard’s school, Nottingham; articled with Aspden and Shuttleworth of Preston, solicitors; barrister Inner Temple 6 Feb. 1818; went northern circuit; recorder of Clitheroe 1837 to death; judge of county court number 4 circuit, Lancashire March 1847 to death; his first court was held at Blackburn 7 June 1847; presented with valuable piece of plate by registrars of his circuit 1857; alderman of Preston 25 Sep. 1832, again 27 Feb. 1846; mayor 1833 and 1843; councillor for St. John’s ward 1842. _d._ Winckley sq. Preston 14 July 1859. _bur._ St. Leonard’s ch. Balderston 20 July.
ADDISON, JOSEPH (_youngest son of Rev. Wm. Addison, R. of Dinsdale, Durham_). _b._ 1789; ed. at gr. sch. Richmond, Yorkshire and Lincoln coll. Ox., B.A. 1811, M.A. 1813; barrister Inner Temple 28 Jany. 1831; went northern circuit; bencher of his inn 1857. (_m._ 28 Dec. 1824 Jane 1 dau. of Thomas Beckett of Thornton le Moor near Northallerton). _d._ 7 Dean’s yard, Westminster 10 April 1858.
ADDISON, LAURA, stage name of Laura Wilmshurst (_dau. of Thomas Wilmshurst of Colchester, grocer_). _b._ Colchester 15 Nov. 1822; first appeared on stage at Worcester theatre, Nov. 1843, as Lady Townley in _The provoked husband_; played at Glasgow, Dublin and Edinburgh; at Sadlers Wells theatre, London 26 Aug. 1846 to 1848; at Drury lane 26 Dec. 1849 to 1850; at the Haymarket 6 March 1851 to 31 July 1851; made her first appearance in New York, at the Broadway theatre 29 Sep. 1851, as Lady Teazle in _The school for scandal_. _d._ from congestion of the brain, on board the steamer Oregon, between Albany and New York 3 Sep. 1852, _bur._ in Second Avenue burying-ground, New York. _Theatrical Times, i_, 185 (1847) _portrait_; _Tallis’s Drawing room table book_ (1851) 23–24, _portrait_.
ADDISON, THOMAS (_younger son of Joseph Addison of Long Benton, near Newcastle, grocer, who d. 1823 aged 67, by Sarah dau. of Mr. Shaw of Newcastle, grocer, she d. 1841 aged 80_). _b._ Long Benton, April 1793; ed. at Newcastle gr. school, and Univ. of Edin.; M.D. 1 Aug. 1815; pres. of royal medical society of Edin. 1814; house surgeon to Lock hospital, London; L.R.C.P. 22 Dec. 1819 and F.R.C.P. 4 July 1838; a medical officer of general dispensary 8 years; assistant phys. at Guy’s hospital 1824 and phys. 1837–60; lecturer on Materia Medica there 1827–37; and on practice of medicine 1837–60; pres. of royal medico-chirurgical society 1849 and 1850; discovered disease of the supra renal capsules, called after him “Addison’s disease.” Author of _The elements of the practice of medicine, vol._ 1 only 1839; _On the constitutional and local effects of disease of the supra renal capsules_ 1855. (_m._ 14 Sep. 1847 Elizabeth Catherine, widow of W. W. Hanxwell, she _d._ 30 May 1872 aged 72); placed under medical care, May 1860; attempted to destroy himself several times. _d._ 29 June 1860 at 15 Wellington villas, Brighton, from injuries caused by jumping down the area there, 27 June, buried near north eastern corner of Lanercost abbey churchyard 5 July; _A collection of the published writings of the late Thomas Addison, M.D._ 1868; _H. Lonsdale’s Worthies of Cumberland, iv_, 239–72 (1873) _portrait_; _Munk’s Roll of physicians, 2 ed. iii_, 205–211 (1878).
NOTE.—A bust of him by Joseph Towne, is in the pathological museum of “Guys,” one of the medical wards in new portion of the hospital is named after him, and in the chapel there is a marble tablet to his memory.
ADDISON, THOMAS BATTY (_eld. son of John Addison of Preston, barrister who d. Nov. 1837 in 83 year, by Agnes dau. of Thomas Batty of Avenham house, Preston_). _b._ Fishergate, Preston 17 June 1787; ed. at Charter house; barrister Inner Temple 1 July 1808; went northern circuit; recorder of Preston 1819 to death; a magistrate for Lancashire 1821; chairman of Preston quarter sessions 1821 to March 1874; commissioner of Bankrupts for Preston district. _d._ 23 Winckley square, Preston 6 June 1874.
ADDISON, WILLIAM, L.S.A. 1824, M.R.C.S. 1825, F.R.S. 29 Jany. 1846, F.R.C.P. 1858; Gulstonian lecturer 1859; physician Brighton and Hove dispensary; author of _A dissertation on the Malvern water_ 1828; _Cell therapeutics_ 1856. _d._ 10 Albert road, Brighton 26 Sep. 1881 in 80 year.
ADEANE, HENRY JOHN. _b._ Babraham, Cambs. 9 June 1833; M.P. for Cambs. (lib.) 6 April 1857 to 6 July 1865. _d._ 8 Seamore place, London 17 Feb. 1870.
ADEY, REVEREND JOHN. _b._ Painswick, Gloucs. 15 May 1793; in business at Winslow, Bucks; began first voluntary Sunday school in Gloucester; founded a Sunday school at Great Horwood; ordained congregational minister there 1820; moved to Cranbrook, Kent then to Ramsgate; minister at Horselydown, Surrey 1836–58; at Bexley Heath, Kent 1858–68 when he retired; author of _The eleventh hour_ 1835; _The convert from popery_ 1851. _d._ Bexley Heath 16 Dec. 1869. _bur._ Abney Park cemetery.
ADIE, ALEXANDER JAMES. _b._ Edinburgh 1775; an optician there; much employed by all kinds of inventors to give their schemes a practical form; erected on his house in Merchant court an observatory, long before any public observatory existed in Edin.; invented the sympiesometer 1818 which contributed much to the safety of shipping; F.R.S. Edin. _d._ Canaan near Edinburgh 4 Dec. 1858.
ADIE, ALEXANDER JAMES (_son of the preceding_). _b._ Edinburgh 1808; ed. at the high school and univ.; apprenticed to James Jardine, C.E.; resident engineer of Bolton Chorley and Preston railway 1836; engineer and manager of Edinburgh and Glasgow railway to about 1863; made a series of important experiments on the expansion of stone by heat; M.R.S. Edin. 1846. _d._ Rockville near Linlithgow 1879.
ADOLPHUS, JOHN LEYCESTER (_only son of John Adolphus 1768–1845, barrister, F.S.A., by Martha Elizabeth only dau. of Rev. Ralph Leycester of White place, Berks_). _b._ 11 May 1795; ed. at Merchant Taylor’s school 1802–11, head monitor, elected to fellowship at St. John’s coll. Ox. 1811; Newdigate English verse prizeman 1814; B.A. 1815, M.A. 1819; visited Sir Walter Scott at Abbotsford; barrister Inner Temple 21 June 1822; went northern circuit; Bencher of his inn 1851; reported in Court of King’s Bench, first with Richard Vaughan Barnewall 1831–35, then with Thomas Flower Ellis 1835–52; solicitor general of county palatine of Durham; judge of county courts circuit 44 Marylebone, Oct. 1852 to death; sat for the first time 14 Oct. 1852; author of _Letters to Richard Heber, Esq., containing critical remarks on the series of novels, beginning with “Waverley,” and an attempt to ascertain their author_; author with Richard Vaughan Barnewall, of _Reports in court of King’s Bench 1830–34, 5 vols._ 1831–35; with Thomas Flower Ellis, of _Reports in court of King’s Bench and Queen’s Bench 1834–41, 12 vols._ 1835–42 and _Queen’s Bench reports, new series 1841–52, 18 vols._, 1842–56; _Letters from Spain_ 1858, _and of many metrical jeux d’esprit_. (_m._ 10 Sep. 1822 Clara dau. of Rowland Richardson of Streatham, Surrey). _d._ 12 Hyde park sq. London 24 Dec. 1862. _G.M. xiv_, 246 (1863).
ADY, JOSEPH (_son of John Ady of London, recording clerk of the Society of Friends, who d. 17 Nov. 1812 aged 68_). _b._ London 1775 or 1776; a hatter and hosier at 6 Charlotte st. Wapping; hatter at 11 Circus, Minories 1831–33; accountant at same address 1833; was accustomed to examine lists of unclaimed dividends, estates and bequests, and to send letters always unstamped to all persons he could find who were called by any of the names mentioned in the lists, stating to each person that on his remitting a fee of 20/- he would be informed of something to his advantage. The Lord Mayor, Sir Peter Laurie, in 1833, publicly advertised people to be cautious of him, and the Court of Aldermen the same year directed measures to be taken against him. His lucrative trade was at last stifled by a new section in the Post Office Act, which made the writers of letters that were refused, liable for the postage; he then resorted to a new device, this was to post his letters really unstamped, but bearing marks on them as of stamps removed, so as to furnish ground for his asseveration that stamps had really been put on them. In the year 1835 he was indicted by the Rev. Francis Tebbutt for a misdemeanour, under statute 7 & 8, George iv, cap. 29 sec. 53, for obtaining a sovereign by various false pretences, he was tried at the Central criminal court 7 Feb. 1835, found guilty and sentenced to 7 years transportation, which was commuted to 1 year’s imprisonment in the House of Correction. He was sent to prison again in the year 1851 for a similar offence, but was released early in 1852 by order of the Home Secretary in consequence of his declining health. _d._ 89 Fenchurch st. London 17 July 1852 aged 77. _bur._ Friend’s burial ground, Whitechapel 22 July. _Central criminal court minutes of evidence, by Henry Buckler, i_, 646–52 (1835); _De Quincey’s Works, vi_, 258, 327 (1862). The epistle of which the following is an exact copy, was received by the Duke of Wellington 5 Dec. 1833, and sent by him to the Lord Mayor the next day: